See sous-chef on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for sous-chef meaning in All languages combined (6.3kB)
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "sous-chef"
},
"expansion": "French sous-chef",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French sous-chef. Compare Italian sotto capo, which was calqued into English as underboss. Perhaps there was ultimately an unattested term *subcaput in Late Latin, with a variant *subciput.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sous-chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sous-chef (plural sous-chefs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
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{
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"parents": [
"Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"Entry maintenance"
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"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
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},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "en:Cooking",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "en:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "en",
"name": "People",
"orig": "en:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "chef"
},
{
"word": "line cook"
},
{
"word": "prep cook"
}
],
"glosses": [
"The chef underneath the head chef in the chef's hierarchy."
],
"id": "en-sous-chef-en-noun-EXliMZX0",
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"head chef",
"head chef"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking) The chef underneath the head chef in the chef's hierarchy."
],
"related": [
{
"word": "cook"
},
{
"word": "executive chef"
},
{
"word": "short-order cook"
},
{
"word": "underchef"
}
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"word": "副廚"
},
{
"alt": "ㄈˋㄔㄨˊ",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fùchú",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"word": "副厨"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"word": "apukokki"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Souschef"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "subchefe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sous-chef"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"word": "bếp phó"
}
]
}
],
"word": "sous-chef"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sous-chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: sous-chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: sous-chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "sous-chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: sous-chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: sous-chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suşef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: suşef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: suşef"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sous-",
"3": "chef",
"t1": "sub-",
"t2": "chief"
},
"expansion": "sous- (“sub-”) + chef (“chief”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From sous- (“sub-”) + chef (“chief”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sous-chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sous-cheffe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "sous-cheffe"
},
"expansion": "sous-chef m (plural sous-chefs, feminine sous-cheffe)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "French terms prefixed with sous-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-in-command; right-hand man"
],
"id": "en-sous-chef-fr-noun-8dSd0txD",
"links": [
[
"second-in-command",
"second-in-command"
],
[
"right-hand man",
"right-hand man"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/su.ʃɛf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-sous-chef.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-sous-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-sous-chef.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-sous-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-sous-chef.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "sous-chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "sous-chef",
"4": "",
"5": "second-in-command"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French sous-chef (“second-in-command”)",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French sous-chef (“second-in-command”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "sous-chef m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Cooking",
"orig": "it:Cooking",
"parents": [
"Food and drink",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "it",
"name": "Occupations",
"orig": "it:Occupations",
"parents": [
"People",
"Work",
"Human",
"Human activity",
"All topics",
"Human behaviour",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sous-chef"
],
"id": "en-sous-chef-it-noun-LSZng9MI",
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"sous-chef",
"sous-chef#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking) sous-chef"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "chef"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sottocuoco"
}
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/suʃˈʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
}
],
"word": "sous-chef"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "chef"
},
{
"word": "line cook"
},
{
"word": "prep cook"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "fr",
"3": "sous-chef"
},
"expansion": "French sous-chef",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From French sous-chef. Compare Italian sotto capo, which was calqued into English as underboss. Perhaps there was ultimately an unattested term *subcaput in Late Latin, with a variant *subciput.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sous-chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "sous-chef (plural sous-chefs)",
"name": "en-noun"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "cook"
},
{
"word": "executive chef"
},
{
"word": "short-order cook"
},
{
"word": "underchef"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"English countable nouns",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English entries with topic categories using raw markup",
"English lemmas",
"English multiword terms",
"English nouns",
"English terms borrowed from French",
"English terms derived from French",
"English terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"en:Cooking",
"en:Occupations",
"en:People"
],
"glosses": [
"The chef underneath the head chef in the chef's hierarchy."
],
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"head chef",
"head chef"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking) The chef underneath the head chef in the chef's hierarchy."
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"word": "副廚"
},
{
"alt": "ㄈˋㄔㄨˊ",
"code": "cmn",
"lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
"roman": "fùchú",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"word": "副厨"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"word": "apukokki"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "Souschef"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "subchefe"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "sous-chef"
},
{
"code": "vi",
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"sense": "chef underneath the head chef",
"word": "bếp phó"
}
],
"word": "sous-chef"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "sous-chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: sous-chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: sous-chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "sous-chef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: sous-chef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: sous-chef"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "suşef",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Turkish: suşef",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Turkish: suşef"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "sous-",
"3": "chef",
"t1": "sub-",
"t2": "chief"
},
"expansion": "sous- (“sub-”) + chef (“chief”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From sous- (“sub-”) + chef (“chief”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "sous-chefs",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "sous-cheffe",
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"f": "sous-cheffe"
},
"expansion": "sous-chef m (plural sous-chefs, feminine sous-cheffe)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"French 2-syllable words",
"French countable nouns",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine nouns",
"French multiword terms",
"French nouns",
"French nouns with red links in their headword lines",
"French terms prefixed with sous-",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with audio links"
],
"glosses": [
"second-in-command; right-hand man"
],
"links": [
[
"second-in-command",
"second-in-command"
],
[
"right-hand man",
"right-hand man"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/su.ʃɛf/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Benoît Prieur-sous-chef.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-sous-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-sous-chef.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1e/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-sous-chef.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-Beno%C3%AEt_Prieur-sous-chef.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "sous-chef"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "fr",
"3": "sous-chef",
"4": "",
"5": "second-in-command"
},
"expansion": "Unadapted borrowing from French sous-chef (“second-in-command”)",
"name": "ubor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unadapted borrowing from French sous-chef (“second-in-command”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "#"
},
"expansion": "sous-chef m (invariable)",
"name": "it-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "chef"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Italian 2-syllable words",
"Italian countable nouns",
"Italian entries with incorrect language header",
"Italian indeclinable nouns",
"Italian lemmas",
"Italian masculine nouns",
"Italian multiword terms",
"Italian nouns",
"Italian terms borrowed from French",
"Italian terms derived from French",
"Italian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Italian unadapted borrowings from French",
"Rhymes:Italian/ɛf",
"Rhymes:Italian/ɛf/2 syllables",
"it:Cooking",
"it:Occupations"
],
"glosses": [
"sous-chef"
],
"links": [
[
"cooking",
"cooking#Noun"
],
[
"sous-chef",
"sous-chef#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cooking) sous-chef"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sottocuoco"
}
],
"tags": [
"invariable",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"cooking",
"food",
"lifestyle"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/suʃˈʃɛf/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛf"
}
],
"word": "sous-chef"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.